Royalty
Elizabeth I (1533–1603) was Queen of England and Ireland from 17 November 1558 until her death in 1603. Referred to as the Virgin Queen, Elizabeth was the last of the five monarchs of the House of Tudor. Elizabeth was the daughter of Henry VIII and Anne Boleyn, his second wife, who was executed w...
William I (1028 –1087), usually known as William the Conqueror was the first Norman monarch of England, reigning from 1066 until his death in 1087. A descendant of Rollo, he was Duke of Normandy from 1035 onward. By 1060, following a long struggle to establish his throne, his hold on Normandy was...
Charles II (1630–1685) was King of Scotland from 1649 until 1651, and King of Scotland, England and Ireland from the 1660 Restoration of the monarchy until his death in 1685. The two English Civil Wars pitted Charles and his father Charles I against the de facto republic led by Oliver Cromwell an...
Canute (died 12 November 1035), also known as Cnut the Great, was King of England from 1016, King of Denmark from 1018, and King of Norway from 1028 until his death in 1035. The three kingdoms united under Cnut's rule are referred to together as the North Sea Empire. He is notably remembered for ...
Richard II (6 January 1367 – c. 14 February 1400), also known as Richard of Bordeaux, was King of England from 1377 until he was deposed in 1399. Richard's father, Edward, Prince of Wales, died in 1376, leaving Richard as heir apparent to his grandfather, King Edward III. Upon the death of Edward...
Edward VIII (1894 –1972) was King of the United Kingdom and the Dominions of the British Empire, and Emperor of India from 20 January 1936 until his abdication in December of the same year. Only months into his reign, a constitutional crisis was caused by his proposal to marry Mrs. Wallis Simps...
Prince William, Duke of Cambridge, (born 21 June 1982) is a member of the British royal family. He is the elder son of Charles, Prince of Wales, and Diana, Princess of Wales. Since birth, he has been second in the line of succession to the British throne, and become King on the death of his fathe...
Charles, Prince of Wales (born 14 November 1948) is the heir apparent to the British throne as the eldest son of Queen Elizabeth II. He has been heir apparent as well as Duke of Cornwall and Duke of Rothesay since 1952 and is both the oldest and the longest-serving heir apparent in British histor...
Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh (born Prince Philip of Greece and Denmark, later Philip Mountbatten; 10 June 1921 – 9 April 2021), was the husband of Queen Elizabeth II. He was the consort of the British monarch from Elizabeth's accession on 6 February 1952 until his death in 2021, making him th...
Zara Tindall (née Phillips; born 15 May 1981) is a British equestrian, an Olympian, and the daughter of Anne, Princess Royal, and Captain Mark Phillips. She is the eldest granddaughter of her mother's parents Queen Elizabeth II and Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh, and is 21st in line of successi...
The Princess Anne, Princess Royal (born 15 August 1950), is the second child and only daughter of Queen Elizabeth II and Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh. She is 17th in the line of succession to the British throne and has been Princess Royal since 1987. She was educated at Benenden School and ha...
Prince Harry, Duke of Sussex, (born 15 September 1984), is a member of the British royal family. He is sixth in the line of succession to the British throne. He graduated from Sandhurst military college, and after a brief deployment as a Forward Air Controller, in 2012 he served a combat tour in ...
Diana, Princess of Wales (July 1961–1997), was a member of the British royal family. She was the first wife of Charles, Prince of Wales—the heir apparent to the British throne—and mother of Prince William and Prince Harry. Diana's activism and glamour made her an international icon and earned her...
King Arthur was a legendary British leader who, according to medieval histories and romances, heroically led the defence of Britain against Saxon invaders in the late 5th and early 6th centuries. The Arthurian legend grew to include Arthur's father Uther Pendragon, the magician Merlin, Arthur's w...
Richard III (1452–1485) was King of England and Lord of Ireland from 1483 until his death in 1485, the last king of the House of York and the last Plantagenet. In August 1485, Henry Tudor landed in Wales, gathered troops in Pembrokeshire, and defeated Richard's army on Bosworth Field. Richard wa...
Mary I (1516–1558), also known as Mary Tudor, and as "Bloody Mary" by her Protestant opponents, was Queen of England and Ireland from July 1553 until her death in 1558. She is best known for attempting to reverse the English Reformation, begun during the reign of her father, Henry VIII. Her attem...
